Friday, January 24, 2020

Gynecomastia :: science

Gynecomastia Definition Gynecomastia is a common disease of the male breast where there is a benign glandular enlargement of that breast at some time in the male's life. It usually consists of the appearance of a flat pad of glandular tissue beneath a nipple which becomes tender at the same time. The development may be unilateral or bilateral. There is rarely a continued growth of the breast tissue; ordinarily the process is of brief duration and stops short of the production of permanent enlargement of the breast. Causes A great number of patients who suffer from this disease have a disturbance in the proper ratio of androgen and estrogen levels. The normal ratio of the two hormones in plasma is approximately 100:1. "The etiology of gynecomastia in patients with a known documented cause appears to be related to increased estrogen stimulation, decreased testosterone levels, or some alteration of the estrogens and androgen so that the androgen-estrogen ratio is decreased"(Williams 373). From this information it was discovered that there is also a lower ratio of weaker adrenal androgens (delta 4-androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone) found in youths with this disease. It was once believed that there was an imbalance in the ratios of testosterone to estrogen or estradiol, but this is now know to be untrue. There are three areas the can be attributed to the cause of gynecomastia: physiologic, pathologic and pharmacologic. "Enlargement of the male breast can be a normal physiologic phenomenon at certain stages of life or the result of several pathologic states."(Isselbacher, 2037) In the case of physiologic gynecomastia the disease can occur in a newborn baby, at puberty or at any time in a man's life. In the newborn, transient enlargement of the breast is due to the action of maternal and/or placental estrogens. The enlargement usually disappears within a few weeks. Adolescent gynecomastia is common during puberty with the onset at the median age of 14. It is often asymmetrical and frequently tender. It regresses so that by the age of 20 only a small number of men have palpable vestiges of gynecomastia in one or both the breasts. Gynecomastia of aging also occurs in otherwise healthy men. Forty percent or more of aged men have gynecomastia. One explanation is the increase in age in the conversion of androgens to estrogens in extra- glandular tissues. Drug therapy and abnormal liver functioning can also be causes of gynecomastia in older men.

Thursday, January 16, 2020

Critics of the immigration law Essay

The topic I have chosen is â€Å"Illegal Migration on the U. S. Border† since this is currently a significant issue as reflected by the heavy media coverage depicting the allegedly alarming rate by which the number of illegal immigrants has risen in the United States since 2004. The Washington Post, for instance, reports that approximately half a million immigrants have poured in last year, outnumbering the number of legal immigrants. (Cohn A13) The concern over illegal immigration has therefore drawn out varied responses and put immense pressure on the Government, including President Bush who is reported to be proposing granting temporary working visas to foreigners as part of the legal remedies to the situation apart from the proposed wall to be built in the borders between the U. S. and Mexico and heavy personnel enforcement in patrolling the borders. (BBC News) Its nearest neighbor, Mexico is logically the foremost source of both legal and illegal immigrants in the country. I have so far been able to check online sources of information such as the news networks mentioned above. I would like to peruse additional materials such as previous studies on the issue and other materials such as those printed by the advocates and critics of the immigration law in order to gain a deeper understanding of the topic mentioned. From my perspective, there is indeed a clear need to strictly enforce the immigration laws to address concerns on homeland security and other threats posed by illegal immigration, including the syndicate groups that have obviously been taking advantage of both the laxity of the State in patrolling its borders and the desperation of Mexicans and other nationals who are after the supposedly greener pastures offered by the United States. I therefore see no harm in the President’s proposal for the issuance of temporary work visas to immigrants. On the contrary, it would help make the monitoring easier for immigration officers and therefore also help control the influx of illegal immigrants in the country. Works Cited: Cohn, D’Vera. â€Å"Report Details Growth in Illegal Migration. † Washington Post. 28 Sept. 2005:A13 â€Å"Viewpoints: U. S. Illegal Migration. † 23 May 2006. BBC News Online. 1 July 2007.

Wednesday, January 8, 2020

Britain And The Origins Of The First World War - 708 Words

Zara S. Steiner and Keith Neilson. Britain and the Origins of the First World War. Second Edition. First published 2003 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York. 341 pages. Hardcover, $65.33, ISBN 0-333-73466-I. Includes bibliographical references and indexes. Britain, What Will You Do? After reading thoroughly, readers may find it is a well-made and thoroughly thought out book. This text clarifies Britain’s feelings about going into what would be known as today, as â€Å"The Great War† or â€Å"World War I†. Moreover, the text is heavily detailed, noting Britain’s internal politics and their relationship with other nations before the idea of going to war with a nation came into view. Numerous†¦show more content†¦During the chapter 9, July Crisis, on June 28th, Franz Ferdinand was shot by Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian living in Servia, at Sarajevo occurs. After this occurred, Austria composed an arrangement with Germany to gain support when it came time for war. What soon followed came a number of deals that spiraled out of control creating a chain reaction of epic proportion, becoming what was known as the â€Å"July Crisis†. (233-234) Subsequently, Ideas of if there was a war it would be a ‘short, cleansing thunderstorm’ and that ‘the troops would be home by Christmas’ flourished in the minds of the chief of staffs in every nation (234). Leading to the nations fighting amongst each other. In Britain, everyone did not want to go to war; especially, their Foreign Secretary Sir Edward Grey. Edward Grey was in the forefront to making deals, amongst other nations. Throughout his time, he kept pushing toward no war. Grey was by no means an advocate for war, but an advocate for peace. (256) Although, came time, the inevitable occurred and had to take action. In August 1914, arose the month for the British Cabinet to make the ultimate decision. (253) When it came to the decision of wither or not one should go to war, it was not at all up to the majority, it was up to the small group of men who will chart the fate of Britain that very day. (257) On August 4th 1914, Britain went to war against Germany. Britain and the Origins of the First World War, critically depicts Britain’sShow MoreRelatedExploring the Causes of World War One Essay896 Words   |  4 PagesCauses of World War One The long-term origins to World War One start back in 1870 with the Franco-Prussian War. In the Franco-Prussian war France lost to Germany which lead to the two countries never being in an alliance with one another. Once the war was over it lead to the forming of the triple Alliance which was one of the main alliances during the first world war. 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